１９１ 欧阳修改革文风
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范仲淹被排挤离开朝廷以后，他的同事富弼，因为支持新政，被诬陷是范仲淹的同党，丢了官职；韩琦替范仲淹、富弼辩护，也受到牵连。更多小说ltxsba.com当时，有些人虽然同情范仲淹，但是不敢出头说话。只有谏官欧阳修大胆上书给宋仁宗说：“自古以来，坏人陷害好人，总是说好人是朋党，诬蔑他们专权。范仲淹是国家有用的人才，为什么要把他罢免？如果听信坏人的话，把他们罢官，只会让坏人得意，敌人称快！”
欧阳修是我国著名的文学家。庐陵（今江西永丰）人。他四岁的时候，父亲病死，母亲带着他到随州（今湖北随县）依靠他叔父生活。欧阳修的母亲一心想让儿子读书，可是家里穷，买不起纸笔。她看到屋前的池塘边长着荻草，就用荻草秆儿在泥地上划着字，教欧阳修认字。幼小的欧阳修在母亲的教育下，很早就爱上了书本。
欧阳修十岁时候，经常到附近藏书多的人家去借书读，有时候还把借来的书抄录下来。一次，他在一家姓李的人家借书，从那家的一只废纸篓里发现一本旧书，他翻了一下，知道是唐代文学家韩愈的文集，就向主人要了来，带回家里细细阅读。
宋朝初年的时候，社会上流行的文风讲求华丽，内容空洞。欧阳修读了韩愈的散文，觉得它文笔流畅，说理透彻，跟流行的文章完全不一样。他就认真琢磨，学习韩愈的文风。长大以后，他到东京参加进士考试，连考三场，都得到第一名。
欧阳修二十多岁的时候，他在文学上的声誉已经很大了。他官职不高，但是十分关心朝政，正直敢谏。当范仲淹得罪吕夷简、被贬谪到南方去的时候，许多大臣都同情范仲淹，只有谏官高若讷认为范仲淹应该被贬。欧阳修十分气愤，写信责备高若讷不知道人间有羞耻事。为了这件事，他被降职到外地，过了四年，才回到京城。
这一回，欧阳修为了支持范仲淹新政，又出来说话，使朝廷一些权贵大为恼火。他们捕风捉影，诬陷欧阳修一些罪名，朝廷又把欧阳修贬谪到滁州（今安徽滁县）。
滁州四面环山，风景优美。欧阳修到滁州后，除了处理政事之外，常常游览山水。当地有个和尚在滁州琅琊山上造了一座亭子供游人休息。欧阳修登山游览的时候，常在这座亭上喝酒。他自称“醉翁”，给亭子起个名字叫醉翁亭。他写的散文《醉翁亭记》，成为人们传诵的杰作。
欧阳修当了十多年地方官，宋仁宗想起他的文才，才把他调回京城，担任翰林学士。
欧阳修担任翰林学士以后，积极提倡改革文风。有一年，京城举行进士考试，朝廷派他担任主考官。他认为这正是他选拔人才、改革文风的好机会，在阅卷的时候，发现华而不实的文章，一概不录取。考试结束以后，有一批人落了选，对欧阳修十分不满。一天，欧阳修骑马出门，半路上被一群落选的人拦住，吵吵嚷嚷地辱骂他。后来，巡逻的兵士过来，才把这批人赶跑。
经过这场风波，欧阳修虽然受到了一些压力，但是考场的文风就发生了变化，大家都学着写内容充实和朴素的文章了。
欧阳修不但大力改革文风，还十分注意发现和提拔人才。许多原来并不那么出名的人才，经过他的赏识和提拔推荐，一个个都成了名家。最出名的是曾巩、王安石、苏洵（音xun）和他的儿子苏轼、苏辙。在文学史上，人们把欧阳修等六个人和唐代的韩愈、柳宗元合起来，称为“唐宋八大家”。
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