２０９ 钟相杨么起义
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南宋王朝一面对金朝屈辱求和，一面加紧对人民剥削，加重税捐，使老百姓遭到重重灾难。更多小说ltxsba.com公元1130年，金兵攻占了潭州，抢掠了一阵走了。接着，有一个被金兵打败的宋朝团练使孔彦舟，带着一批败兵残卒在那里趁火打劫，催粮逼租。
当地百姓忍无可忍，在钟相带领下举行了起义。钟相是鼎州武陵（今湖南常德）人，在金兵南下的时候，他曾经组织过抗金民兵，没得到朝廷的支持，就回家乡组织农民自卫。他用宗教的形式在农民中宣传，自称“天大圣”，能够解救人民疾苦。他说：“现在朝廷的法把人分成贵贱贫富，这不是好法。我行的法，就是要不分贫富贵贱，人人平等。”一些受尽官府、地主压迫的农民，听到这些话，怎么不高兴？大家把钟相称做“老爷”，要求入“法”的人就越来越多。
当孔彦舟的骚乱激起民愤的时候，钟相就宣布起义。他自称楚王，建立政权。附近各县的农民纷纷参加起义军，钟相分派起义军攻占城池，焚烧官府，打击豪强大户，不出一个月，起义军就占领了洞庭湖周围十九个县。
南宋朝廷十分恐慌，任命孔彦舟担任捉杀使，镇压起义军。孔彦舟知道正面攻打敌不过钟相，就先派一批奸细，假扮成贫民，混进钟相起义军队伍。公元1130年三月，孔彦舟发起进攻，埋伏在内部的奸细里应外合，起义军措手不及，打了败仗，钟相和他的儿子钟子昂被捕，遭到杀害。
钟相被害后，起义军推杨么当首领，继续和官军作战。杨么原来名叫杨太，因为他年纪轻，当地群众亲密地称他叫杨么（么音yao，“幼小”的意思）。起义军在杨么领导下，在洞庭湖沿岸建立营寨，又在湖里和各个港汊上集中了大批船只，平时生产，战时打仗，队伍越来越壮大。
南宋王朝又派程昌寓（音yu）担任镇抚使，镇压起义。程昌寓到了鼎州，不惜工本制造了大批车船，每船可装载水军一千人，由人踏车就可以使船进退。有一次，程昌寓指挥水军使用车船攻打起义军水寨，水寨滩头水浅，车船开进港汊，搁在浅滩里动弹不得。起义军趁势发起攻击，官军兵士丢了车船逃走，车船全部落在起义军手里。
杨么起义军在洞庭湖建立了据点，队伍发展到二十万人，占领的地区也越来越广。公元1133年四月，杨么拥立钟相的儿子钟子仪作太子，杨么自称大圣天王，在起义军占领的地方，宣布免除百姓的一切劳役和赋税，人民生活出现了兴旺气象。
南宋王朝把杨么起义军看作心腹大患，非把他们镇压不肯罢休。宋高宗又派王（音xie）带兵六万进攻。王不敢再用大船，改用小船进攻。起义军用车船迎战，车船高的有几丈，来往如飞。他们又在船身前后左右都装上了拍竿，拍竿上缚着一块块大石。官军的小船一接近，他们就摇动拍竿，发出大石，把敌船打沉。车船上还发出用硬木削尖的“木老鸦”，和弓箭一起发射，打得官军叫苦连天。
有一天，洞庭湖边的江上，忽然出现了几只大车船，船上既不见旗帜枪械，也不见一个兵士。王的水军将士见了，以为起义军在上游被官军打败，这几条船是顺流漂下来的，就指挥船只靠近空船。兵士们争先恐后地撑篙拉纤，把空船带着往上游驶去。哪料到到了湖面宽广的地方，几只大船里突然发出一阵擂鼓声、呐喊声，船舱里钻出来的起义兵士踏动车船，横冲直撞，把官军的几百只小船全部撞碎沉没在水里，两名将领落水丢了性命。其余留在沙滩上的官军步兵也遭到起义军攻杀。这一天，就消灭了官军一万人，缴获了大批武器盔甲。
这时候，王在大营里等待消息，忽然来了一百多个穿新衣的农民军，一面走，一面打着鼓板，吹着笛子，拍着气球，后面还有人用竹竿挑着一卷文书。官军以为一定是起义军接受招安，送投降书来了，忙命令兵士不要放箭，派人把文书接过来。宋将把文书打开一看，里面是被起义军缴获的官府告示和印章。穿着新衣的起义兵士看他们上了当，哈哈大笑说：“你们的一万水军，前天晚上已经被我们杀得精光，衣甲、刀枪、旗号、钱粮，都是咱们的啦！”说着，都乐呵呵地又吹笛打鼓走了。王知道了，气得直翻白眼。
刘豫的伪齐政权在襄阳的官员李成，听到起义军节节胜利的消息，派人带着金帛文书，到扬么大寨游说，要起义军联合进攻宋朝，说只要攻占州县，就封他们做知州知县，被起义军拒绝。李成又派了三十五个人带了官诰、金带、锦袍来诱降，起义军不再饶恕，把三十五名伪齐使者用酒灌醉后全部杀死。
南宋王朝和伪齐政权的“围剿”诱降，都没有使杨么屈服，到了公元1135年，也就是起义的第六个年头，宋高宗派宰相张浚亲自督战，又从抗金前线抽回了岳飞军队。由于起义军将领有人动摇叛变，杨么大寨被官军攻破，杨么被俘后遭到杀害，坚持六年的起义终于失败。
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