２１０ 虞允文书生退敌
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绍兴和议以后，宋金双方有二十年没有发生战争。龙腾小说网ltxsba.com宋高宗和一批投降派大臣对于这个偏安的局面十分满意，在临安修筑起豪华的宫殿府第，过着纸醉金迷的生活，把收复失地的事忘记得一干二净。
在这段时间里，金朝统治集团发生内讧，贵族完颜亮杀死了金熙宗，自立为帝，历史上称为海陵王。完颜亮把金朝的京都从上京迁到燕京，一心想发动战争，消灭南宋。有一次，他做了个梦，梦里他上了天宫，天帝命令他讨伐宋朝。他跟大臣谈起这个梦，一些凑趣的大臣都说这是个好兆头，向他祝贺。完颜亮就把发兵南侵的事决定下来了。
完颜亮准备发兵的风声，传到临安。有些官员要朝廷早作准备，反而被宋高宗斥责是造谣生事。有一回，金朝派使臣施宜生到临安。宋高宗叫大臣张焘（音dao）接待。张焘想从施官生那里探听消息。施宜生原来是宋朝的官员，也想透露点消息给张焘，但是旁边有金朝的随从官员，不好明说，只好暗示说：“今天北风可刮得厉害啊！”又拿起几案上的笔说：“笔来，笔来！”（“笔”和“毕”同音，“毕来”，就是都来的意思。）
张焘得到施宜生的暗示，连忙把金兵要大举南下的消息告诉宋高宗，但是宋高宗只当耳边风。
公元1161年九月，完颜亮做好一切准备，发动全国六十万兵力，组成三十二个军，全部出动，进攻南宋。出发之前，完颜亮趾高气扬地跟将领们说：“从前梁王（指兀术）进攻宋朝，费了多少时间，没取得胜利。我这次出征，多则一百天，少则一个月，一定能扫平南方。”
完颜亮的大军逼近淮河北岸，防守江北的主帅刘-（音qi）正在生病，派副帅王权到淮西寿春防守。王权是个贪生怕死的家伙，听到金兵南下，吓得丧魂落魄，根本没想抵抗。完颜亮渡过淮河，王权还没见到金兵的人影儿，早已闻风逃奔，一直逃过长江，到采石才停下来。
宋高宗听到王权兵败，才害怕起来。他把王权撤了职，另派李显忠代替王权的职务，并且派宰相叶义问亲自去视察江淮守军。
叶义问也是个胆小鬼，不敢亲自上前线，另派一个中书舍人（文官名）虞允文，慰劳采石的宋军将士。
虞允文到了采石，王权已经走了，接替他职务的李显忠却还没到。对岸的金兵正在准备渡江。宋军没有主将，人心惶惶，秩序混乱。虞允文到了江边，只见宋军兵士三三两两垂头丧气地坐在路旁，把马鞍和盔甲丢在一边。
虞允文问他们说：“金人都快要渡江了，你们坐在这里等什么？”
兵士们抬头一看，见是一个文官，没好气地说：“将军们都跑了，我们还打什么仗？”
虞允文看到队伍这样涣散，十分吃惊，觉得等李显忠来已经来不及了，就立刻召集宋军将士，告诉他们说：“我是奉朝廷的命令到这里来劳军的。你们只要为国家立功，我一定报告朝廷，论功行赏。”
大伙儿见虞允文出来作主，也打起精神来了。他们说：“我们吃尽金人的苦，谁不想抵抗。现在既然有您作主，我们愿意拼命作战。”
有个跟随虞允文一起去的官员悄悄地对虞允文说：“朝廷派您来劳军，又不是要您督战。别人把事办得那么糟，您何必背这个包袱呢？”
虞允文气愤地说：“这算什么话！现在国家遭到危急，我怎么能考虑自己的得失，逃避责任。”
虞允文是个书生，从来没有指挥过战争。但是爱国的责任心使他鼓起勇气。他立刻命令步兵、骑兵都整好队伍，排好阵势，又把江面的宋军船只分为五队，一队在江中，两队停泊在东西两侧岸边，另外两队隐蔽在港汊里作后备队。
宋军布置刚刚结束，金兵已经开始渡江。完颜亮亲自挥动着小红旗指挥。几百艘金军大船迎着江风，满载着金兵向南岸驶来。没有多少时间，金兵已经陆续登岸。
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