<郭云深划分武学境界>
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第一节：郭云深论形意拳
一则
形意拳术有三层道理有三步功夫有三种练法。更多小说ltxsba.com
一、三层道理
1、练精化气；2、练气化神；3、练神还虚（练之以变化人之气质复其本然之真也）。
二、三步功夫
1、易骨：练之以筑其基以壮其体骨体坚如铁石而形式气质威严状似泰山。
2、易筋：练之以腾其膜以长其筋（俗云：筋长力大）其劲纵横联络生长而无穷也。
3、洗髓：练之以清虚其内以轻松其体内中清虚之象：神气运用圆活无滞身体动转其轻如羽（拳经云：三回九转是一式即此意义也）。
三、三种练法
1、明劲：练之总以规矩不可易身体动转要和顺而不可乖戾手足起落要整齐而不可散乱。拳经云：“方者以正其中”即此意也。
2、暗劲：练之神气要舒展而不可拘运用要圆通活泼而不可滞。拳经云：“圆者以应其外”即此意也。
3、化劲：练之周身四肢动转起落、进退皆不可着力专以神意运用之。虽是神意运用惟形式规矩仍如前二种不可改移。虽然周身动转不着力亦不能全不着力总在神意之贯通耳。拳经云：“三回九转是一式”即此意义也。
四、详论明劲、暗劲、化劲
1、明劲
明劲者即拳之刚劲也。易骨者即练精化气易骨之道也。因人身中先天之气与后天之气不合体质不坚故明其道。大凡人之初生性无不善体无不健根无不固纯是先天。以后知识一开灵窍一闭先后不合阴阳不交皆是后天血气用事故血气盛行正气衰弱以致身体筋骨不能健壮。故昔达摩大师传下易筋洗髓二经习之以强壮人之身体还其人之初生本来面目。后宋岳武穆王扩充二经之义作为三经：易骨、易筋、洗髓也。将三经又制成拳术明此经道理之用。拳经云：“静为本体动为作用”与古之五禽、八段练法有体而无用者不同矣。因拳术有无穷之妙用故先有易骨、易筋、洗髓阴阳混成刚柔悉化无声无臭虚空灵通之全体。所以有其虚空灵通之全体方有神化不测之妙用。故因此拳是内外一气动静一源体用一道所以静为本体动为作用也。因人为一小天地无不与天地之理相合惟是天地之阴阳变化皆有更易。人之一身既与天地道理相合身体虚弱刚戾之气岂不能易乎？故更易之道弱者易之强柔者易之刚悖者易之和。所以三经者皆是变化人之气质以复其初也。易骨者是拳中之明劲练精化气之道也。将人身中散乱之气收纳于丹田之内不偏不倚和而不流用九要之规模锻炼练至于六阳纯全刚健之至即拳中上下相连手足相顾内外如一。至此拳中明劲之功尽易骨之劲全练精化气之功亦毕矣。
2、暗劲
暗劲者拳中之柔劲也（柔劲与软不同：软中无力柔非无力也）即练气化神、易筋之道也。先练明劲而后练暗劲即丹道小周天止火再用大周天功夫之意。明劲停手即小周天之沐浴也。暗劲手足停而未停即大周天四正之沐浴也。拳中所用之劲是将形气神（神即意也）合住两手往后用力拉回（内中有缩力）其意如拔钢丝。两手前后用劲：左手往前推右手往回拉；或右手往前推左手往回拉其意如撕丝绵；又如两手拉硬弓。要用力徐徐拉开之意。两手或右手往外翻横左手往里裹劲。或左手往外翻横右手往里裹劲如同练鼍形之两手或是练连环拳之包裹拳。拳经云：“裹者如包裹之不露”。两手往前推劲如同推有轮之重物往前推不动之意又似推动而不动之意。两足用力前足落地时足根先着地不可有声。然后再满足着地所用之劲如同手往前往下按物一般。后足用力蹬劲如同迈大步过水沟之意。拳经云：“脚打采意不落空”是前足；“消息全凭后脚蹬”是后足；“马有迹蹄之功”。皆是言两足之意也。两足进退明劲暗劲两段之步法相同。惟是明劲则有声暗劲则无声耳。
3、化劲
化劲者即练神还虚亦谓之洗髓之功夫也。是将暗劲练到至柔至顺谓之柔顺之极处暗劲之终也。丹经云：“阴阳混成刚柔悉化谓之丹熟”。柔劲之终是化劲之始也。所以再加上功夫用练神还虚至形神俱杳与道合真以至于无声无臭谓之脱丹矣。拳经谓之“拳无拳意无意无意之中是真意”是谓化劲。练神还虚洗髓之工毕矣。化劲者与练划劲不同。明劲暗劲亦皆有划劲。划劲是两手出入起落俱短亦谓之短劲。如同手往着墙抓去往下一划手仍回在自己身上来故谓之划劲。练化劲者与前两步功夫之形式无异所用之劲不同耳。拳经云：“三回九转是一式”是此意也。三回者练精化气、练气化神、练神还虚即明劲、暗劲、化劲是也。三回者明、暗、化劲是一式；九转者九转纯阳也。化至虚无而还于纯阳是此理也。所练之时将手足动作顺其前两步之形式皆不要用力并非顽空不用力周身内外全用真意运用耳。手足动作所用之力有而若无实而若虚。腹内之气所用亦不着意亦非不着意意在积蓄虚灵之神耳。呼吸似有似无与丹道功夫阳生至足、采取归炉、封固停息、沐浴之时呼吸相同。因此似有而无皆是真息是一神之妙用也。庄子云：“真人之呼吸以踵”即是此意非闭气也。用工练去不要间断练到至虚身无其身心无其心方是形神俱妙与道合真之境。此时能与太虚同体矣。以后练虚合道能至寂然不动感而遂通无入而不自得无往而不得其道无可无不可也。拳经云：“固灵根而动心者武艺也；养灵根而静心者修道也”。所以形意拳术与丹道合而为一者也。
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