第15节：账前消化(8)
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第四，资本运营阶段。更多小说ltxsba.com
这是企业的赢利模式从产品利润转化到资本利润的阶段，企业要做强做大一般都要经历这个阶段。
纵观世界五百强的企业，几乎很少不是上市公司。这个阶段的老板称为领袖型老板。此时老板所凭的不完全是管理上的技术和经验，更主要的是总结出了一套适合自己企业的管理思想和管理哲学。这是企业家比较高级的阶段，需要老板具备驾驭资本市场的财务管理能力。
在企业发展的四个阶段中，如何从业务型逐渐地向领袖型转变，包含了老板的三次自我超越，老板只有很好地完成这三次自我超越，不断提高自身的财务素养，才能够使老板与企业之间达到人、企匹配。
老板的第一次自我超越——由“瘸腿”走路到两条腿并行，从业务型过渡到管理型。
在企业成长过程中，业务和财务可以比作企业的两条腿，企业要阔步向前，就必须做到业务与财务的战略匹配。其中业务所要解决的是市场定位、产品、销售、盈利模式等方面的问题，财务所要解决的是资金、成本、资产债务结构、现金流量、财务风险控制等方面的问题。
财务是业务成长的重要战略支持，缺乏稳健财务的支持，业务成长就无法实现。从我国民营企业发展情况来看，老板普遍存在重业务、轻财务的现象。究其原因，除我国多年来实行的是计划经济体制的特殊历史环境因素外，还有两个原因：
第一，由于业务的成长与企业经营规模、利润来源、行业地位、品牌等发生直接的联系。因此，理所当然受到老板高度的重视。
第二，在民营企业中，大部分老板都是业务或技术出身，对业务比较熟悉。
因此，日常决策和工作的着重点就自觉或不自觉地落在业务方面，致使企业财务管理工作被弱化，财务成为业务的服务工具，不能主动地参与企业决策、组织和控制的全过程，结果常常导致公司业务成长与财务管理互相脱节，直接影响了企业的健康成长。
从财务角度讲，老板要有赚取管理利润的意识，由原来的仅仅赚取业务利润到既赚取业务利润又赚取管理利润。但是在现实中，很多老板并没有自觉地意识到这个转变，还是用业务型老板的思维处理二次创业时期的企业问题，习惯于左兜掏右兜式的财务管理方法管理企业财务，某种意义上讲是老板的自身素质跟不上企业的发展，因此，产生了第一次人、企不匹配。
老板的第二次自我超越——“借我一双慧眼”，由管理型过渡到投资型。
如果说企业在原始积累阶段是偶然投资获取利润，那么在企业到达了对外投资阶段以后，就是一个自主投资赚钱的过程。在成为投资型老板之前，老板所进行的企业管理基本属于微观管理。
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