第三十二章、唯才是举
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这篇文章，史称《求贤令》，曹操首次提出“唯才是举”的口号，要求各地举荐贤才，不必拘泥道德品质、士林风评，光看有没有本事就成。在原本的历史上，此令颁布于建安十五年，对应这条时间线，那应该是明年的事儿。不过历史已经改变，曹操的势力膨胀速度增快，所以人才匮乏，这道旨令也就提前三年出台啦。
不过随即陈群建言九品中正，是勋创建科举，倒是比较圆满地解决了人才匮乏问题，为此曹操会不会再跟原本历史上似的，数年后再下《敕有司取士勿废偏短令》和《举贤勿拘品行令》，那就不好说啦。
魏讽所以背诵曹操这篇《求贤令》，他所提出的问题是：“我汉以孝治天下，天子之号冠矣（汉朝皇帝的谥号大多带个“孝”字。如孝文皇帝、孝武皇帝、孝灵皇帝。等等）。且重道德。故孝武皇帝元光元年，初令郡国举孝子廉吏，用之于今……”说到了中正制也好，科举制也罢，那只是魏国的仕宦新规而已，正经汉朝仍然由各地方长官推荐孝廉、茂才，作为取士的主要途径“盖孝子孝于亲，斯能忠于君。廉吏恪于身，斯能勤于事。今魏王但唯才而举，不及道德，悖祖宗之法，弃儒门之教，其乃不可乎？是公时为魏之公卿，阖谏阻之也？”
士人是讲道德的，国家用吏更讲道德，有才无德，恐怕难以忠君。难以爱民，可是曹操却提出来“唯才是举”。违背了这一传统原则，你当时身为魏国重臣，怎么也不加以劝阻呢？
是勋听了这话不禁就是一愣啊，心说你丫真是在史书上留下过名字来的那个魏子京吗？这种问题旁人都可以提，就你提出来……我怎么觉得怪怪的？
魏讽其人，确实见诸史册，虽然笔墨不多，但因为事迹颇为惊悚，又多疑点，所以是勋还有点儿印象，略微琢磨一下，就回忆起来了。据说此人在关东“有重名，自卿相以下皆倾心交之”，因此受到钟繇的推荐，被曹操任命为西曹掾。然而当曹操远征汉中，与刘备鏖战的时候，魏讽却在邺城阴谋叛乱，只是为同党所告发，遂被留守的曹丕所杀。
其实是勋没记住，那个告发魏讽的同党，时任长乐卫尉，名叫陈祎……
魏讽一案存在着诸多疑点，后世也因此产生过不少揣测。疑点之一，他小小一个西曹掾，无兵无勇，难道就想光靠着“重名”来夺取邺城吗？这不是扯淡的事儿嘛。故此后人怀疑，魏讽实受镇守荆州的刘备将关羽唆使，欲与之南北呼应也。
其次，魏讽案牵扯到了很多年轻官僚，包括王粲的两个儿子、刘廙之弟刘伟、张绣之子张泉，以及荆州大儒宋忠之子，这些家伙最终全都掉了脑袋。《王粲传》引《文章志》说：“太祖时征汉中，闻粲子死，叹曰：‘孤若在，不使仲宣无后。’”《刘廙传》说：“魏讽反，廙弟伟为讽所引，当相坐诛。太祖令曰：‘叔向不坐弟虎，古之制也。’特原不问。”
有人揣测，这些官二代的父兄都曾仕于荆州，所以镇守荆州的关羽才能通过魏讽来策反他们。可是要再往细了琢磨，张绣本是独立势力，他儿子的政治倾向就绝对不可能跟刘表旧臣的王粲子、宋忠子等相类。而且据说出身谯县的骑将文稷之子文钦也曾涉案，被下狱严刑拷打，最终还是曹操念在文稷多年相随、劳苦功高的份儿上，才免其一死文钦可跟荆州一点儿关系都没有。
因此又有人猜测，这不过是曹丕为清洗反对派而一手制造的冤案罢了，他不但因此杀了上千人，还迫使钟繇、杨俊等在任官员去职，就此彻底巩固了自己继承人的地位……
估计这条时间线上，不会再出现魏讽谋反事啦，一则曹操的大本营已不在邺，二则荆州早落手中，三则么……张绣还没挂呢，王粲也跟历史上不同，娶了蔡文姬为妻，目前所生一子一女，就没俩儿子。
问题是根据各书记载，魏讽此人虽然“有惑众才”，却为有识之士如刘晔、傅巽、刘廙等人所贬斥，刘廙就曾经告诫兄弟刘伟说：“吾观魏讽，不修德行，而专以鸠合为务，华而不实，此直搅世沽名者也。”你少跟他来往。也就是说，这家伙浮华轻狂，道德品质不怎么好。你若是一位方正之士，跳出来指摘曹操的“唯才是举”还则罢了，本身就“不修德行”，哪还有资格提这种问题呢？
可是再一琢磨，也说不定是后事前推，正因为魏讽起意谋反（先不管是不是冤案），所以后人才记录下所有斥骂他的言辞说白了，这叫马后炮。难道我是宏辅全天下就没有人骂吗？不见得吧。只是我若能得善终，那些言论终将湮灭，就光剩下好话记载于史啦。
他脑袋里转这么一大圈儿，未免回答就慢了一拍，正待开言，突然周不疑站起来了，先朝是勋拱一拱手，然后转向魏讽：“有事弟子服其劳，子京之疑，吾可与解也。”
ps：昨儿有朋友提出，郑浑为河南开封人氏，此开封非今之开封也，在其南方，处今开封、中牟、尉氏之间，当时仍属河南尹。也就是说，按照回避原则，郑文公不当归河南为尹也。这个问题确实是我疏忽了，但若修改，可能会牵扯比较大，所以先暂且不动，容待以后吧。
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